Coke-oven structure



Dec. 29, 1942. .J. VAN ACKEREN COKE-OVEN STRUCTURE Filed NOV. 17, 1939 5Sheets-Sheet l 'INVENTOR. JOSEPH m/v IQCKRIY M ATTORNEY.

Dec. 29, 1942. J. VAN ACKEREN 2306678 COKE-OVEN STRUCTURE Filed NOV.17,, 1939 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 2s x ii f" v 7 INVENTOR. dosefiw [my flcxmasmA TTORNAL.

INVENTOR.

5' Sheets-Sheet 4 A r V .1. VAN ACKERE'N COKE-OVEN STRUCTURE Filed Nov.17', 1939 Ill Irr/ Dec. 29, 1942.

I'QECTION CiC SECTION 0'0 S CTION 55' Dec. 29, 1942; J. VAN ACKERENCOKE-OVEN STRUCTURE Filed Nov. 17, 1939 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTORQ ,4;ATTORNEY.

- Patented Dec. 29, 1942 ATES T OFFICE Koppers Company, ware corporationof De Application November 17, 1939, Serial No. 304,883

18 Claims.

The present invention relates to regenerative A coke ovens andcontemplates such improvements in method and means for their underfiringthat those relatively-uniform thermal conditions obtainablea'long theextended heating walls thereof during their heating by means of theleaner blast-furnace or producer gases, are also simply and effectivelyrealizable when their sources of underfiring-heat are those gases ofrelativelyhigh calorific values such, for example, as are producedduring-the, carbonization of coal in said ovens. A primary object ofthepresent invention is t provide for coke'ovens of the stated classmethod and means'whereby within the coking structure 'itself thecombustive characteristics of rich fuel gases introduced thereinto canbe automatically so altered that their heating effects becomesubstantially similar'to those obtainable in those instances whenunderfiring is effected with wellknown lean gases. I

Another object of the invention is the provision of novel means wherebythe combustion of rich fuel gasesin the heating fiues of a cokeovenbattery can be effectively retarded in a one-stage combustion system andwithout interfering with the normal regenerative-heating program, forthe battery or with the normal reversal of gaseous fiow through itsheating flues. A further object of improvement is to provide improvedmeans whereby a rich fuel gas can be diluted with its owncombustion-products inside of the battery-structure itself and at suchlocation therein that no significant increase in the magnitude of thefuel-gas distributive system is required for their accommodation, andonly the so-diluted mixture is admitted into the heating flues, therebypermitting the columns of the diluted fuel gas and air to rise throughsaid heating fiues undisturbed in their. normal parallel fiow.

A further object of invention is to provide simple and effective meanspermitting underfiring gases of high calorific value to be continuouslyand automatically admixed, by'means inclusively in juncture with theoven structure, with sufiicient of their own combustion-products deriveddirectly from the heating flues that the resultant mixture of loweredcalorific value upon entering the fiame-fiues will burn with thenonluminous flame and with that more gradual evolution of heat normallyassociated with the leaner fuel gases, thereby promoting uniformity oftemperature conditions along the heating flues and the walls theycomprise.

other operative advantages or results as may be found to obtain in theprocesses or apparatus hereinafter described or claimed.

Briefly stated, the instant improvement comprises providing within themasonry of a cokeoven battery special duct means for communicablyconnecting the upper parts of flame-fiues with conduits that arethemselves disposed communicably to connect the lower parts of saidfiame-flues with the rich-gas distributive system, and also in providingmeans whereby, the pressure of gas in said rich-gas distributive systemcan be utilized in the form of a jet having 'suflicient energy to inducehot combustion-products of the heating fiues to flow. downwardly throughthe ducts of the invention and into admixture with' rich fuel gas jettedfrom said means, thereby to produce a resultant mixture I having acalorific value lowered from that of the rich gas and exhibiting slowerburning characteristics when it is subsequently admitted into the lowerparts of the heating flues.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part method in which theinvention may be embodied and practised but without limiting the claimedinvention specifically to such illustrative instance or instances:-

- Fig. 1 is a vertical elevational section taken crosswise of a batteryof underjet coke ovens embodying the present improvement, said sectionbeing taken in part through a heating wall and 35 input through theadjacent coking chamber;

Fig. 2 is a composite section taken longitudinally of the battery shownin Fig. l; the sections A-A and BB being taken respectively along thelines A-A and B--B of that figure;

Fig. 2-a is an enlarged fragment of Fig. 2; Fig. 3 is a verticalelevational section taken crosswise of a battery of coke ovens whereinthe non-regeneratively-preheated fuel gas is introduced into the heatingfiues from conduit means extending crosswise of the battery closelyadjacent the lower parts of the heating flues, said battery being alsoprovided with the improvement provided by the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a composite vertical section taken longitudinally of thebattery shown in Fig. 3,

the sections C--C, D-D, and E--E being taken respectively along thelines C-C, D-D, and

EE of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged fragment of Fig. 3 and 55 showing in detail .a jetmeans employable in The invention has for further objects such of thisspecification and showing for purposes of- Fig. 9 is an enlargedfragment of a portion of Fig. 2 and showing in detail jet means adaptedfor employment in those embodiments of the invention illustrated in thestructures of Figs. 1, 2, 7 and 8. k

The same characters of reference designate the same parts throughout theseveral views of the drawings.

In the embodiments thereof illustrated in the drawings, the variousfeatures of the invention are shown incorporated in a battery ofcombination ovens of the well-known Becker type of which a prominentcharacteristic is crossover ducts that are disposed to fiowcombustion-products as they issue from vertically-disposed heating fluesof an oven heating wall over the top of an adjacent coking chamber andinto similar and similarly positioned heating flues of a heating walladjacent the opposite side of said coking chamber, but it will beunderstood from the following discussion of. the features of theinvention that they are especially susceptible of employment to theadvantage of any coke-oven structure having in its heating systemvertically-disposed heating flues with their tops interconnected forpurposes of gas-flow in opposite directions. As a specific example ofanother class of ovens in which the invention can be successfullyexploited there may be mentioned those whose heating flues are arrangedaccording to the so-called hairpin construction.

Referring now to the drawings and more especially to the preferredembodiment of the instant improvement shown in Figs. 1 and 2, theillustrated coke-oven battery comprises a plurality of coking chambers iand heating walls ii that are disposed in alternation lengthwise of thebattery. Heating walls ll comprise a plurality of vertically disposedheating fiues l2 that are arranged side-by-side crosswise of the batteryand are adapted for gas-flow purposes in groups of which each comprises,with the exception of the two flues at either end of each heating wall,four heating flues having a common crossover duct l3 wherebycombustion-products of one.

such flue-group are flowed upward and over the top of a coking chamberl0 and into a corresponding fiue-group adjacent the opposite side of anintermediate coking chamber. Each such group of four flues isstructurally subdivided into pairs of flues of which each pairisprovided with a common outlet l4 and each pair of flue-outlets for aflue-group are symmetrically disposed in asoaovs ber of heating fluescan, of course, be connected with the end crossover ducts.

The heating flues of the heating walls each communicate individually byconduits Ii with two cross-regenerators l6 therebeneath, each a suchregenerator being arranged to preheat combustion air at such times asthe heating flues are being underfired with non-regeneratively-preheatedfuel gas as, for example, obtains when the ovens of the battery areoperated as coke-ovens. One of the regenerators of the pair ofregenerators with which each heating flue is communicably connected is,however, also adapted to preheat lean fuel gas delivered thereinto fromlean fuel-gas main I! by gas flow box l8 in the wallknown manner inthose instances where the ovens are operated as gas ovens and aretherefore underfired with extraneously-derived gas.

In the underfiring of the heating flues with eitherregeneratively-preheated or non-regenerativelypreheated fuel gas, theyas well as their combustion-air are all introduced into the lower partsof the heatingfiues exclusively and each at but one level thereof, sothat their combustion is initiated at substantially only one place. Thistype of underfiring will be hereinafter referred to as one-stagecombustion.

At such times as the battery illustrated in Figs. 1 and g are operatedas "coke ovens" and are heated by fuel gas of higher calorific valuethat needs no preheating step for its effective combustion, such fuelgas is delivered into the bottom of the heating flues according to theunder-jet principle by means of ducts I9 that extend from the lowersurface of the supporting-mat 20 of the battery upwards through aregenerator wall 2! to port into the lower parts of the heating fiues.

Each such duct l9 communicates, by means of respect of a said crossoverduct. The two heat? derflring gas burned in flues at that location forthe purpose of overcoming the greater radiation from the heating-wallends; any preferred num- 1 cast 1mm pipe connections, with a wall-headerpipe 22 whereby all the heating fiues comprising a single heating wallare simultaneously supplied with the heating gas of high calorificvalue. Each such wall-header pipe 22 of the battery in turn com- Imunicates through its pipe-connections 23 with a principalsupplying-main 24 that extends lengthwise of the battery throughpassageways 25, formed beneath mat 20 by the battery-supporting piers26, and communicates with a'reservoir of rich gas outside thebattery-structure. Valve means 21 is adapted for actuation by thegas-fiow reversing mechanism (not shown) of the battery to supply fuelgas to its associated heating wall in alternation with a heating wallthereadiacent.

In accordance with the instant improvement, as clearly shown in Fig. 2,the two underjet ducts i9 that are associated withcorresponding heatingflues of adjacent heating walls employing the same crossover duct I 3,are communicably connected adjacent their lower ends by means of aninduction duct 28 located in mat 20, said induction, duct thus providingmeans whereby a circulation of gases is establishable between the Ilower parts of the heating flues connected thereby. Induction ducts 28can be entirely surrounded by the material of the mat, as shown in saidFigs. 1 and 2, or they can, if preferred, be only partially embeddedtherein or be placed closely adjacent either the upper or lower surfacethereof. In the latter instance, it is desirable to provide them withinsulation that is either permanent or removable. To obviate possiblecorrosion from the constituents of the combustion-products, the saidinduct-ion: ucts can be made of ducted into the heating flues iscontrolled by.

means shown in detail in Fig. 9. The outlet-end Y of pipe 28 is threadedfor considerable'distance therealong to permit adjustment of theposition of the similarly-threaded gas-flow nozzle 30 which can besecured at a preferred point by means of lock-nut ll. Movement of saidnozzle along pipe 29 is provided so that the position of its dischargeorifice 32 is adjustable in respect of the narrowest portion of theVenturi-member 33. Rich fuel gas enters the heating .flue above inquantities determinable, amongst other factors, by the area of orifice32 and also by the pressureunder which said gas is maintained in thewall-header 22.

Nozzl 30 being replaceable. the amount of fuel gas delivered to theheating flue above is optionally variable either by substituting for anexisting nozzle a like nozzle having an outlet of different effectivearea or by altering the gaseous pressure maintained in the associatedwall-header 22. From end to end of the heating wall, the orifices ofnozzles 30 are preferably graduated in accordance with the taper of theadjacent coking chamber and the thereby occasioned diverse heat re-'quirements of its coal content at different points the underjet duct Wis delivering fuel gas to the flame-flue X thereabove, its correspondingheating flue Y of the adjacent heating wall and with Y which said flue Xis comr'nunicably connected not only by crossover duct ilbut also bymeans of under-jet duct Z and an induction duct 28, is filled withcombustion-products flowing downwardly to out-flow r'e'generators. Thesaid underjet duct Z and its associated induction duct 28 are thusfilled 'with combustion-products derived from the top of heating flue Xthrough crossover lt'and heating flue Y. In consequence, therefore, ofthe jet of rich fuel gas rising through underjet duct W, these gasesinduced to flow through induction ducts 2B are actuallycombustion-products of rich fuel gas previously burned in flue X.Inasmuch as these combustion-products are relatively inert, their mixingwith the rich fuel gas as they rise through duct- W has the eflect ofintroducing means whereby a rich fuel gas can be continuously andautomatically diluted with an inert gas inside of the battery structureand before it enters the heating flues, thus making it possible toretard the combustion rate of a richfuel gas and to obtain the benefitsof underflring with a gas of optionally regulable -lo.w calorific valuewithout increasing the load of recirculated combustionproducts flowedthrough the regenerators or disturbing the normal flow through theheating flues of the columns of fuel gas and air introduced at their,lower parts.

' The combustion-products drawn downwardly from they heating fluesthrough the underjet ducts i9 by means of the jet of rich gas aresubjected to considerable cooling by the walls of the regenertheirinduction lnto'the up-flowing underjet ducts by the jet of fuel gas.Their temperature is howevernot reduced below the dew-point oftheirmoisture content and the presence of this watervapor along with theircarbondioxide and small oxygen content acts as an agent that soadequately hinders the accumulation of carbon deposits in the underjetducts that a decarbonizing step therefor is usually. not necessary.When, however, the employed underfiring gas is of a rather highercalorific value or comprises constituents that tend to decompose atrelatively low temperatures, air for any such decarbonization ofunderjet ducts l9 as maybe found necessary can be introduced into eachinduction duct 28 from the battery basement through a conduit. 10 inamounts regula'ble by the size of orifice ll of cap Ii that is removablymounted on the lower end of the-walls of said conduit 10. At othertimes, a cap "H without perforation canbe employed.

As shown in Fig. 1, all the heating fiues of any one heating wall areeach individually communicabiy connected by means of the induction ductsI '28 of the invention with acorresponding heating flue in acooperatively disposed adjacent heat ng wall but it will be appreciatedby those skilled. in

the art that for purposes of establishing divers I somewhat thatnormally very low temperatures into the lower partof heating flue X afuel gas of'lower calorific value and slower combustion characteristicsthan would otherwise obtain. This has the beneficial effect of making itpossible to maintain a reduced temperature gradient be-- tween the topsand bottoms of the heating flues and so promotes uniformity of heatdistribution throughout the adjacent coal charge. -As is obvious fromthe drawing of Fig; 2, reversal of flow of The apparatus of theinventionthus furnishes gases through the fines X and Y in no wisealters the results obtained. 7 Y

differential existing between the bottoms and tops of the heating wallsand which is establishable by circulating combustion-products into therich fuel gas of all of the heating flues thereof in accordanc with theprinciple of the present improvement, some ofthe heating flues can beun-' derfired with rich fuel gas that is undiluted prior to its entryinto the heating flues whereas the others can be heated by gas from thesame source that is previously mixed with its own combustion-products bythe means furnished by the instant improvement.

The basic thought of the instant invention is parts of heating fluesfrom a "gas-gun" or conwith the top of the battery.

In the coke oven battery illustrated in said Figs.

3 and 4, the heating walls 40 comprise a plurality ofvertically-disposed heating flues 4| that are operatively disposed ingroups comprising four flues, each such group having its own crossoverand substantially the same gas-flow arrangement as described in Figs. 1and 2. The two end-flues at either endof a heating wall are arranged toform a single flue group that has its own crossover 42.Non-regeneratively-preheated fuel gas is delivered to each heating fuel4l from conduit 43 by a vertical duct 44 that is individual thereto,said gas being apportioned to each flue by an aperture in itsnozzle-brick 45. The connections 51 at either end of conduit 43 serve asmeans for the introducing of a small amount of air into said conduitwhenever it is found expedient so to do for promoting thede-carbonization process.

At such times as the battery of Fig. 3 is underflred with rich fuel gasas a source of heat, sliding-bricks 46 are moved over the short ducts 41at both ends of the interconnected adjacent heating walls, therebyremoving the end crossovers from the gas circuits around theintermediate coking chamber.

The combustion-products from the small heating flue groups at the endsof the heating walls are thus prevented from flowing to the regeneratorsby Way of their crossovers and so become available for use as a diluentof rich fuel gas flowed into the structure from rich-gas mains 48 thatextend lengthwise along the tip of the battery. Branching off from saidmains are pipes 49 that port at their lower ends into replaceable nozzlemeans 50 shown in enlarged view in Fig. 5. Nozzles 50 are so formed thatthey jet rich fuel gas into the space adjacent the tops of the two endheating flues thereby causing combustion- .products issuing from theirtops to flow downwardly through induction duct 52 of this embodiment ofthe instant improvement and into fuelgas conduit 43. Induction ducts 52of Figs. 3, 5, are therefore analogous in their function to ducts 28 ofFigs. 1 and 2. Flowing downwardly through said duct 52 under theinfluence of the rich-gas jet the combustion-products are thoroughlymixed with theformer to dilute it and reduce its calorific value as itenters conduit 43 whereby the mixture is allocated to the varioustherewith associated heating flues.

The rich-gas nozzles are preferably formed of refractory materials andare seated in gastight contact with the co-acting surface or seatingmeans 53 formed in thebrickwork of the battery. A wide range of jettingeffects can be produced by providing nozzles having discharge orifices54 of different effective areas. The contact between pipe 49 and thenozzle 50 need not be gas-tight when the cover-plate 55 and pipe 49 forma unit that is of sufficient weight to resist the pressure of the richgas and when the former (55) is furnished with a gas-t ght surface atits contact Removal of both pipe 49 and nozzle 50 from the battery isfacilitated by means of pipe-union 5B.

The ovens of the coke-oven battery shown in in Figs. 3 and 4 are easilyconverted from "cokeovens" into gas-ovens, that is, into ovens that areunderflred with regeneratively-preheated fuel gas, byinterrupting theflow of rich fuel gas bottoms thereof.

with other figures.

through nozzle 50 and removing sliding bricks 46 from the tops of theshort ducts 41 and thereafter flowing lean fuel gas in the well-knownmanner through one of the two regenerators with which each heating flueis' communicably connected.

In the embodiment of the invention hereinabove described in conjunctionwith Figs. 1, 2, and 9, the combustion-products employed as a diluentfor the rich fuel gas allocated to any particular heating flue isderived from a correspond.- ing heating flue in an opposite heating wallby duct means arranged to permit a certain amount of circulation ofgases between the said flues lower parts. In the embodiment of theinventionshown in Figs. and 8, however, means are provided whereby thediluent combustion-products for any particular heating flue areobtainable from the top of that flue itself or from an adjacent flue ofthe same heating wall, thereby providing the invention with anembodiment rendering it operative both in coke ovens'having adjacentheating flues of the same heating wall disposed for operation inalternation with each other as flame-flues or combustion-products flues,as well as in coke ovens having the flues of their heating walls eitherall or in large part arranged for simultaneous operation in alternationas the up-flow or down-flow flues.

In the battery shown in said Figs. 7 and 8, those division-walls 60between heating flues 6| that are interconnected at their upper partsand also have a common port 62 into their crossover duct, are formedwith individual induction ducts 63 that extend from a point adjacent thetops of said walls to a point substantially at the level of the soles ofthe regenerator sole-channels 64, the upper ends of said induction ductsbeing curved at their flue-sides to facilitate inflow of gases. At theirlower ends, ducts 63 are each communicably connected by means of shorthorizontally-disposed ducts 65 with the underjet ducts 66 for theheating flues at either side thereof, thereby providing conduits throughwhich combustion-products can be withdrawn from the tops of adjacentheating flues and returned to the Rich fuel gas delivered to the heatingflues through ducts 66 is introduced thereinto in the form of a jet bymeans of the nozzle arrangement 61 which is shown in detail in Fig. 9and hereinabove described in connection The effect of the jets of richgas rising through the ducts 66 is to induce a current ofcombustion-products to flow, as shown by the arrows, downwardly throughinduction ducts 63, 65, and thence upwardly into the heating flues inadmixture with and under the influence of the jetted rich gas in whichthey operate as a diluent of its heat content.

The advantages accruing to the art from the employment of thehereinabove described improvement become apparentfrom the followingoperating results obtained in its practice according 'to the embodimentillustrated in Figs. 1 and 2. In a coke-oven battery of the underjettype having the lower parts of corresponding heating flues of adjacentheating walls communicably connected for gas-flow purposes by meanscomprising rich-gas underjet ducts having a diameter of two inches andan induction duct (numeral 28 of Fig. 2) of two and one-half inches indiameter, coke-oven gas flowed first into their underjet ducts andthence into said heating flues at the rate of 450 cubic feet per hourfrom a nozzleoriflce 9/82 inch in diameter, said coke-oven gas'caloriflc values. Combustion of the so-diluted l coke-oven gas in theheating flues had the efl'ect of reducing temperature differencesbetween said flues tops and bottoms from those obtaining during theirunder-firing with undiluted coke-oven as. l

-- into the lower parts of said heating flues the airrequirement forcombustion of said rich gas in It now becomes possible by inductionducts and readily controllable jetting means, provided 1 for horizontalcoke-oven structures according to the present improvement, having simplenozzle means co-operatively disposed in respect of said go ducts, tocirculate combustion-products between operatively interconnected heatingflues in such manner that certain of the well-known undesirableccmbustive characteristics exhibited by fuel gases of the higher heatingvalues when employed as underflring media for horizontal coke ovens, canbe substantially eliminated to the general advantage of the cokingstructure itself and the without maintaining abnormally-high pressuresin the fuel-gas distributive system or disturbing the normal stream-lineflow of gases through the heating flues.

When' combination coke-oven batteries provided with the hereinabovedescribed improvement are 40 operated as gas-ovens, the circulation ofcombustion-products in the rich-gas distributive system and heatingflues isautomatically cut 01! so that the leaner blast-furnace orproducer gases usually used as the underflring medium at suchtimes arethus advantageously subjected to no further reduction in their calorificvalues before entering the heating flues.

By means of the invention the quantity of com- The present improvementiumishes 30 of the combustion products-from the outlet forcombustion-products through the duct-means and thence into the richfuel-gas conduit means in advance of the inlet therefrom to the heatingflue for a preceding mixture with rich gas to be fed, as such mixture,from the rich-gas conduit means to the heating flue and prior to theadmission of said air-requirement for combustion of said rich gas in theflue.

2. In a horizontal coke-oven comprising a coking chamber and a heatingsystem-therefor com-.

prising vertically flued heating walls, rich-gas.

conduits for feeding non-regeneratively-heated rich fuel-gas into thelower parts of the heating flues, air-inlet means for separatelyadmitting the flues, the combination of induction ductmeans inclusivelyin juncture with the oven structure and adapted for conductingcombustion products from-the heating flues to the rich-gas conduits,said induction duct-means communicating with the rich-gas conduits at aregion thereof in advance of their discharge of richgas into the heatingflues, and of inlet-means for introducing the rich-gas into the rich-gasconduits, said inlet-means being so disposed relative to the inductionduct-means as to induce a flow of combustion-products from the heatingflues through the induction duct-means into mixture with the rich-gas inthe rich-gas conduits ing vertically flued heating walls on oppositesidesof horizontal coking chambers, the flues of the heating walls onopposite sides of a coking chamher being communicabiy connected at theirup- -perparts by cross-over ducts into two sets operable in alternationfor upflow combustion in one wall and concurrent downnow of the wastegas combustion-products in the other wall, cross-regenerators for airbeneath the heating walls and chambers with regenerator division wallsparalleling the coking chambers, a supporting mat for the oven below theregenerators for supportingthe oven above an accessible passage-waybustion-products circulated between associated therebeneath' and cm;conduits each mmheating flues is under control and is optionallyvariable in accordance with the characteristics of the employedunderflring gas.

The invention as hereinabove set forth is emvidual to a heating flueandextending from the oven supporting mat upwardly through the regeneratordivision walls to port into the lower parts of the heating flues, thecombination of died in Particular mm and manner but may induction ductscommunicably connecting the be variously embodied within the scope ofthe claims hereinafter made.

I claim: 1 1. In a regenerative coke oven, the combination with aheating flue, rich fuel-gas-conduit means for feedingnon-regeneratively-preheated rich fuel-gas into the inlet' end of theheating flue, air inlet-means forseparately admitting into said flue theair-requirement for combustion of said rich fuel-gas in the flue, and anoutlet for combustion-products from the heating flue, of duct-meanscommunicably connecting the outlet for combustion-products with the richfuel-gas conduit means at a region in the rich' gasconduit in advance ofits inlet to thehea-ting flue, 7

paid rich-gas conduit means as to induce a new 76 I in the micasubsequent to the mixing of the,

rich-gas conduits for the flues of one set with the rich-gas conduitsfor the flues of the other set at a region below said regenerators, inadvance of where the conduits port into their heating flues, and of jetmeans individual to the respective rich-gas conduits, for introducingrichgas thereto, each said Jet means being disposed at the region ofjuncture-cf its rich-gas conduit with the induction duct therefore so asto induce flow of the waste gas from the bottoms of the flues of eachset, when operable for downflow, through their idle rich-gas conduitsand the induction duct into the rich-gasconduits of the flues of theother set when concurrently operable for upflow combustion, and each of.said air regenerators communicating with the lower parts of the fluesthrough ports adapted for admission of the air-requirement forcombustion of the rich communicably connected at their upper parts bycross-over duct-means extending over the top of the intervening cokingchamber for operation in alternation for upflow combustion in one wallconcurrently with downflow of the combustionproducts in the other wall,and conduit means individual to each wall and porting into the bottomsof the flues therein, said conduit means extending lengthwise of thecoking chamber closely beneath the heating flues for feed ofnon-regeneratively-preheated rich fuel-gas, the combination of aflue-like duct in each wall, each disposed to connect the top of aheating flue in its wall with its rich-gas conduit, and of meansarranged to introduce rich fuel-gas into each of the flue-like ducts andin the form of a jet where the flue-like duct connects with the heatingflue connected therewith as aforesaid, so as to induce a flow ofcombustion-products from said connected heating flue into admixture inthe fluelike duct with the rich-gas from thejet and thence into therich-gas conduit for the heating wall in advance of the ports thereforinto the heating flues and means for separately admitting theair-requirements for combustion of said rich gas in said flues to thelower of the flues subsequent to the mixing of the combustion productsand rich gas for the flues;

6. In a regenerative coke-oven having a coking chamber intermediate apair of vertically flued heating walls with the vertical flues of thewalls communicably connected at their upper parts into two sets foroperation in alternation for up-' flow combustion in one setconcurrently with downflow of the combustion-products in the other set,and conduit means individual to each wall and porting into the bottomsof the flues therein, said conduit means extending lengthwise of thecoking chamber closely beneath the heating flues for feed ofnon-regeneratively-preheated rich fuel-gas, the combination of aflue-like duct in each wall, each disposed to connect the-top of aheating flue in its wall with its rich-gas conduit, and of meansarranged to introduce rich fuelgas into each of the flue-like ducts andin the form of a jet where the flue-like duct connects with the heatingflue connected therewith as aforesaid, so as to induce a flow ofcombustionproducts from said connected heating flue into admixture inthe flue-like duct with the rich-gas from the jet and thence into therich-gas conduit for the heating wall in advance of the ports thereforinto the heating flues and means for separately admitting theair-requirements for combustion of said rich gas in said flues to thelower of the flues subsequent to the mixing of the combustion productsand rich gas for the flues.

7. In a regenerative coke-oven havinga coking chamber intermediate apair of vertically flued heating walls with the vertical flues of thewall communicably connected at their upper parts by cross-overduct-means extending over the top of the intervening coking chamber foroperation in alternation for upflow combustion in one wall concurrentlywith downflow of the combustion-products in the other wall, and conduitmeans individual to each wall and porting into the bottoms of the fluestherein, said conduit means extending lengthwise of the coking chamberclosely beneath the heating flues for feed ofnon-regeneratively-preheated rich fuel-gas, the

' ranged to introduce rich fuel-gas into each of the flue-like ducts andin the form of a jet where the flue-like duct connects with the heatingflue connected therewith as aforesaid, so as to induce a flow ofcombustion-products from said connected heating flue into admixture inthe flue-like duct with the rich-gas from the jet and thence into therich-gas conduit for the heating wall in advance of the ports thereforinto the heating flues and means for separately admitting theair-requirernents for combustion of said rich gas in said flues to thelower of the flues subsequent to opposite heating wall, regenerators forair beneath the coking chamber and heating wall, an oven supporting matbeneath the regenerators supporting the oven above an accessiblepassageway, and rich-gas riser ducts individual to the respectiveheating flues extending from the oven supporting mat upwardly intocommunication with the bottoms of the heating flues, and havingside-by-side heating flues in each heating wall in communication attheir upper'parts, and in their common partition wall a waste-gasdownflow duct extending downwardly from their upper communicationthrough a regenerator wall therebeneath to a point adjacent aregenerator solecanal, and induction duct-means communicably connectingat their lower parts each of the wastegas downflow duets with therich-gas riser ducts for the heating flues separated by the common wallcontaining the respective waste-gas downflow ducts, and a jetting meansindividual to each rich-gas riser duct for introducing the rich-gastherein in the form of a jet with the jetting means arranged in relationthereto and to the induction duct-means therefore as to cause the jet ofrich-gas to induce a flow of waste-gas from the tops of the side-by-sideheating flues, downwardly through their waste-gas downflow duct to theinduction duct-means therefore and thence into admixture with rich-gasfrom the jet thereof in the riser conduits before such rich-gasadmixture enters the lower parts of'the heating flues and means'foradmission of air from the regenerators to the heating flues subsequentto the mixing of the combustion products and rich-gas for combustion ofthe rich-gas in the flues.

9. A regenerative coke-oven comprising a coking chamber. withvertically. flued heating walls on opposite sides thereof, the flues ofthe heating walls 'being operatively disposed into sets operable inalternation with each other for upflow combustion in the flues of oneset concurrently with downflow of combustion-products in the flues ofthe other set, regenerators for air beneath the coking chamber andheating walls, an

i 9,808,878 'oven supporting-mat beneath the regenerators supporting theoven above an accessible passageway, and rich-gas riser ducts individualto the respective heating flues extending from the oven supporting matupwardly into communication a with the bottoms of the heating flues, andhaving side-by-side'heating flues in each heating wall in communicationat their upper parts, and in their common partition wall a waste-gasdownflow duct extending downwardly from their upper" communicationthrough a regenerator wall therebeneath to a point adjacent aregenerator sole- -canal, and induction duct-means communicablyconnecting at their lower parts each of the wastee gas downfiow duetswith the rich-gas riser ducts for the heating flues separated by thecommon wall containing the respective waste-gas downflow ducts, and ajetting means individual to each heating walls and coking chambers, asupporting" mat for the oven below the regenerators for suprich-gasriser duct for introducing the rich-gas f therein in the form of a jetwith the jetting means arranged in relation thereto and to the and meansfor admission of air from the regenerators to the heating .fluessubsequent to the mixing of the combustion products and rich-gas forcombustion of the rich-gas in the flues.

.10. In a regenerative horizontal coke-oven having vertically fiuedheating walls on opposite chamber being communicably'connected at theirupper parts by cross-over ducts into two sets operable in alternationwith each other. for upflow combustion in one wall and concurrentdownflow of the waste-gas combustion-products in the sides of horizontalcoking chambers, the flues of the heating walls on opposite sides of acoking v quireinent iorcombustion of the rich-gas in the other wall,regenerators for air beneath the heating walls and coking chambers, asupporting mat:

for the oven below the regenerators for supporting the oven above anaccessible passagewaytherebeneath, and rich-gas feed conduits for theheating flues extending from the oven supportinto two setsoperable inalternation with each.

ing mat, upwardly through the region of the regenerators to port intothe lower parts of the heating flues, the combination of induction ductscommunicably connecting the rich-gas conduits tor the flues of one setwith the rich-gas conduits for the flues oi the other set at a regionbelowthe regenerators, in advance of where the conduits port into theirheating lilies, and of jet means individual to the respective rich-gasconduits, for introducing rich-gas thereto, each said jet means beingdisposed at the region of juncture of its rich-gas conduit with theinduction duct therefor so as to induce flow of the wastegas from thebottoms of the flues or each set, when operable for dbwnflow, throughtheir idle rich-gas conduits and the induction duct into the rich-gasconduits oi the flues or the other set when concurrently operable .iorupflow combustion, and each of said air regenerators communicating withthe lower parts of the. dues through ports for separate admission to theflues o! the air which the induction ducts are located within thesupporting mat for the coke-oven.

12. In a regenerative horizontal coke-oven having vertically fluedheating walls on the sides i of horizontal coking chambers, the flues'oithe heating walls being communicably connected ,at their'upper partsinto two sets operable in alter nationwith each other-forxupflowcombustion in the flues of one set and concurrent 'downflow of thewaste-gas combustion-products in the flues oi the other set,regenerators for air beneath the porting the oven above an accessiblepassageway therebeneath, and rich-gas feed-conduits for the heatingflues extending from the oven supporting mat upwardly through the regionof the regenerators to port into'the lower parts of the heating lines,the combination of induction ducts 1 communicably connecting therich-gas conduits duits, for introducing rich-gas thereto," each saidjet means being disposed at the region ofjunct'ure of its rich-gasconduit with the induction duct therefor so as to induce flow of thewaste-gas from the bottoms of the flues of each set, whenoperable fordownflow, through their idle richgas conduits and the induction ductinto the richgas conduits of the flues oi the other set'whenconcurrently operable for upflow combustion, and

each of said air regenerators communicating a with the lower parts ofthe flues through ports for separate admission to the dues of the airreflues subsequent to the mixing of the waste-gas and rich-gas in the-\rich-gas conduits for the 13. Apparatus as claimed in claim' 12 and inwhich the induction ducts are located within the supporting 'mat tor thecoke-oven. 1

14. In a regenerative coke-oven having v'ertically flued heating wallson the sides of horizontal coking chambers and operatively disposedother for upflow combustion of non-regeneratively preheated rich-gas andair in the flues of one set and concurrent downflow of the wastegascombustion-products in the flues o! the other set, regenerators for airbeneath the heating walls and coking chambers, a supporting mat fortheoven below the regenerators for supporting the oven above anaccessible passageway therebeneath, the combination of gaseous mediumfeed-conduits for the heating flues extending from the oven supporting.mat upwardly through'the re on of the regenerators-to port into thelower parts of the heating flues, induction ducts communicablyconnecting the gasecue-medium teed-conduits tor the flues .0! one setwith the gaseous-medium teed-conduits tor the dues or the other set at aregion below the regenerators. in advance of where saidteed-conrequirement for combustion of the rich-gas in the fluessubsequent to the mixing of the watergas and rich-gas in the rich-gasconduits tor the flues.

11. Apparatus as claimed in claim 10 and in 10 medium 'teed-oonduitsandduits discharge into their heating flues, and or jet-means for therespective ieed-conduits,- for introducing gaseous medium thereto; eachof said jet-means being disposed at the regionoi juncture of itsteed-conduit with the induction duct thereiorso as to induce how of thewaste-gas from the bottoms of the dues oi. each set, when operable tordownflow. through their gaseousthe induction'duct into thegaseous-medium feed-conduits of the fines of the other set whenconcurrently operable for upflow, and each of said air regeneratorscommunicating with the lower parts of the flues through ports foradmixing the air for combustion of the rich gas in the flues with thesame subsequent to the admission of waste-gas from the induction ductsinto the gaseous-medium feed-conduits for the flues.

15. Apparatus as claimed in claim 14 and in which the induction ductsare located within the supporting mat for th coke-oven.

16. In a regenerative coke-oven, combustion heating means thereforcomprising vertical combustion flues operable in alternation for upflowcombustion of gas and air and downfiow of offflow waste combustion gas,the combustion flues being operatively disposed in two sets operable inalternation with each other for upfiow combustion in one set withconcurrent ofi-flow of the waste-gas thereof downwardly through theother set, and regenerators communicably connected with said flues attheir lower parts for inflow preheating of the air and outflow ofwaste-gas, the combination of a separate set of gaseous-mediumfeed-conduits for each set of flues feeding gaseous-medium independentlyof the regenerators into the lower parts of the flues of each set whenoperable for upfiow combustion, duct-means communicably connectinggaseous-medium feedconduits of the two sets of flues with each other,for conducting waste combustion-gas from each to the other of thegaseous-medium feed-conduits for the two sets of flues in advance of theinlets of said conduits to their heating flues, and means forintroducing gaseous medium into the gaseous-medium feed-conduitsincluding a connection for the conduits of the two sets of .fiuesarranged to discharge the gaseous-medium into the conduits of the twosets of flues at the juncture of the conduits with the duct meanstherewith and so as to induce thereby a flow of waste combustion-gasfrom each to the other of the heating flues of the two sets whosegaseous-medium feed-conduits are connected by the duct means, out of thelower parts of the flues of the two sets, when operable for downfiow,into their gaseous-medium feed-conduits, through the duct-means, andthence into the gaseous-medium feed-conduits of heating flues of theother of the two sets, concurrently operable for upflow combustion, fordelivery into the lower parts of the latter flues.

17. In an underfired regenerative horizontal coke oven battery havingvertically fined heating walls on opposite sides of horizontal cokingchambers, regenerators beneath the heating walls and coking chambers forfeeding air for combustion to said heating flues, a supporting mat forthe oven below the regenerators for supporting the oven above anaccessible passageway therebeneath, andrneans for supplying rich fuelgasto the heating flues comprising rich fuelgas supply channels extendingupwardly from the oven supporting mat through the region of theregenerators to port into the lower parts of the heating flues, thecombination of means for introducing waste-gas of combustion into saidmeans for supplying rich fuelgas at a region well in advance of wherethe supply channels thereof port into the heating flues, for admixing ofthe waste-gas with rich gas prior to admix ing of rich gas from saidchannels with air from said regenerators for combustion in said heatingflues;

18. In a regenerative horizontal coke oven battery havingvfiuid heatingwalls on opposite sides of horizontal coking chambers, regeneratorsbeneath the heating walls and coking chambers for feeding air forcombustion to said heating flues, and means for supplying rich fuel-gasto the heating flues comprising rich fuel-gas supply channels extendinginto communication with the heating flues, the combination of means forintroducing waste-gas of combustion into said means for supplying richfuel-gas at a region well in advance of where the supply channelsthereof communicate with the heating flues, for adfrom said regeneratorsfor combustion in said heating flues.

JOSEPH VAN ACKEREN.

